Juger les fous au Moyen Âge

Juger les fous au Moyen Âge

Maud Ternon


Presses universitaires de France
Collection(s) : Le noeud gordien
Format : Broché
Nb de pages : 300 pages
Poids : 394 g
Date de parution : 10/01/2018
ISBN : 978-2-13-074951-6
 
 

Les tribunaux royaux, aux derniers siècles du Moyen Âge, ont jugé les fous. Revêtant différents visages mais toujours décrite comme un trouble naturel, la folie soulève des questions fondamentales dans la sphère judiciaire. Peut-on juger les fous ?

Au pénal, les juges s'interrogent et font preuve d'un puissant réflexe de compassion à l'égard des déments. Cela n'empêche pas les familles de chercher à se protéger de la violence des fous les plus agités, qui vivent reclus à domicile et peuvent être entravés par des chaînes. Elles n'ont recours aux tribunaux qu'en cas de problème grave.

Au civil, la folie peut menacer le patrimoine familial, ce qui entraîne une tout autre forme d'intervention. Le trouble mental est alors associé à la prodigalité, la dilapidation des héritages. Les magistrats appliquent de nouvelles procédures sur le modèle romain de la curatelle et de l'interdiction, qui viennent remplacer les coutumes de la garde et du bail.

Quant au roi, « fontaine de justice » et personne sacrée, n'est-il pas censé protéger les faibles et parmi eux les fous ? En fait, l'ingérence des juges royaux dans ces affaires familiales se fait au cas par cas, rétablissant l'ordre dans le lignage et sur la place publique.

La folie dans la culture populaire

Madness, Mental Illness and Mind Doctors in 20th and 21st Century Pop Culture

Call for Papers

3rd & 4th May 2018

University of Edinburgh

www.madnessinpopculture.com

“Sometimes it’s only madness that makes us what we are.” Grant Morrison, Batman: Arkham Asylum (1989)

In Madness and Civilization, Michel Foucault writes that “madness fascinates man”. Indeed, examples of this dark allure are present throughout the ages. From tales of those who paid a penny on Sundays to view the insane held at London’s Bethlem Hospital in the early nineteenth century, to ever popular portrayals of mental illness and madness in the literature, television, and film of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, representations of psychiatric illness remain loaded, highly visible, and deeply entrenched in Western pop culture. 

Mental illness – and more colloquially, madness – often functions metaphorically as representative of a subversive liminality that delegitimizes protest against the status quo. Characters like John Givings in Richard Yates’s novel Revolutionary Road, for example, are ultimately neutralized as political agents through psychiatric diagnosis. Other more recent filmic and televisual representations of mental illness utilize such psychiatric tropes in alternative but highly recognizable ways. Television shows such as Sherlock and House emphasize the connection between madness and genius, while Fight Club and the television series Mr Robot focus on the social equation between mental illness and criminality. The American true crime podcast Sword and Scale has been accused of demonising victims of mental illness. In Andrew Solomon’s Noonday Demon, Allie Brosh’s webcomic Hyperbole and a Half, and Kabi Nagata’s manga My Lesbian Experiences with Loneliness, the line between pathology and pathography, medicine and memoir, has blurred.

This conference will examine these representations, and explore the ways in which madness, mental illness, and those who are both affected by, and striving to treat, psychological maladies are depicted in twentieth and twenty-first century popular culture. We ask: how have fluctuating historical conditions and attitudes influenced the ways in which madness and mental illness are portrayed in the media? What kind of relationship exists between medical understandings of psychological disorders and popular depictions of such illnesses? Do contemporary portrayals of “madness” in popular fictions work to demystify and destigmatize mental illness, or do these representations reinforce negative stereotypes, further obfuscating our understanding of psychological disorders? 

We welcome proposals for 20-minute presentations from a range of disciplines that engage with popular conceptions of madness and mental illness in the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. Proposals that include visual arts or other media, as well as the traditional paper, are welcomed. Topics include, but are not limited to:

Depictions of mental illness in film, television, literature, podcasts, graphic novels, and video games.

• Madness as political/protest (social conformity as ‘true’ madness)
• Women/gender and madness
• Madness and creativity
• Pop culture vs. medical establishment
• Psychiatry in popular culture
• Madness and horror/the Gothic
• Madness, confinement, and physical space
• Asylums, community care, and deinstitutionalization
• Madness as metaphor
• History of psychiatry and antipsychiatry
• Freud and the history of popularization of psychoanalysis
• Post-war psychiatry
• The politics/impact/importance of life narratives
• The “myth” of mental illness
• Medical humanities and medical science
• Mental health and contemporary politics 
• Madness and confessional narrative

Please submit abstracts of 300 words, along with a short biographical note (150 words), to madnessinpopculture@gmail.com by 2nd February 2018. Further information at www.madnessinpopculture.com.

Follow us on Twitter @madpopculture or Facebook, under “Madness in Pop Culture PG Conference”.

Syphilis et subjectivité

Syphilis and Subjectivity: From the Victorians to the Present

Kari Nixon,‎ Lorenzo Servitje (Editors)

Hardcover: 188 pages
Publisher: Palgrave Macmillan; 1st ed. 2018 edition (December 17, 2017)
Language: English
ISBN-13: 978-3319663661

This book demystifies the cultural work of syphilis from the late nineteenth century to the present. By interrogating the motivations that engender habits of belief, thought, and conduct regarding the disease and notions of the self, this interdisciplinary volume investigates constructions of syphilis that had a significant role in shaping modern subjectivity. Chapters draw from a variety of scholarly methods, such as cultural and literary studies, sociology, and anthropology. Authors unravel the representations and influence of syphilis in various cultural forms: cartography, medical writings, literature, historical periodicals, and contemporary popular discourses such as internet forums and electronic news media.

Exploring the ways syphilitic rhetoric responds to, generates, or threatens social systems and cultural capital offers a method by which we can better understand the geographies of blame that are central to the conceptual heritage of the disease. This unique volume will appeal to students and scholars in the medical humanities, medical sociology, the history of medicine, and Victorian and modernist studies.

Repenser les pestilences médiévales et modernes

Re‐thinking medieval and early modern pestilences from a biosocial perspective: advanced methods and renewed concepts in archaeological sciences

Call for Papers and Posters


EAA Barcelona 2018 – 5‐8 September 2018

Deadline: 15 February 2018


While contagious diseases have affected the human species since its origins, great medieval epidemics (e.g. plague, leprosy, tuberculosis) have sparked particular interest for decades. In recent years, archaeology has played an increasing role in the scientific study of medieval pestilences, notably by providing reliable data on both the paleobiology of epidemic victims and their burial treatment. Despite the various breakthroughs reached by interdisciplinary research, the study of past epidemics still needs to get improved, particularly through an integrated analysis of biological and social dimensions of these diseases, which are closely interrelated. We invite contributions regarding both recent methodological advances in the retrospective diagnosis of infectious diseases and the output of archaeological sciences on social and cultural factors acting in human populations’ adaptability to these diseases.

The session shall address various questions, among which:
- What are the new lines of research and future perspectives in paleopathological and palaeomicrobiological study of these diseases?
- What information paleobiological data derived from skeletal assemblages can provide on the epidemiological characteristics of the diseases?
- What was the endemicity of diseases in various places, how did they evolve over time, and how did various diseases competed each other?
- How funerary archaeology and textual sources contributes to reappraise the history of these diseases (e.g. attitudes towards the victims in terms of their integration and/or exclusion, depending on the time period and cultural framework)?
- Which methodological implementation would be desirable in the future to allow retrospective diagnosis of still poorly-known diseases (e.g. ergotism)?

Keywords: Archaeology, Paleomicrobiology, Paleopathology, Medieval, Epidemics

Session details:
- Session theme: Theories and methods in archaeological sciences
- Session ID: #413
- Session type: Session, made up of a combination of papers, max. 15 minutes each

Session organizers:
- Dr. Dominique Castex, CNRS, UMR 5199 – PACEA, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France, dominique.castex@u-bordeaux.fr
- Dr. Mark Guillon, Inrap, UMR 5199 – PACEA, Université de Bordeaux, Pessac, France, mark.guillon@inrap.fr
- Maria Spyrou, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany, spyrou@shh.mpg.de
- Marcel Keller, Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History, Jena, Germany, keller@shh.mpg.de
- Dr. Sacha Kacki, Department of Archaeology, Durham University, United Kingdom, sacha.s.kacki@durham.ac.uk

Abstract submission deadline:
15 February 2018

If you are interested to submit a Paper or Poster proposal, please use the conference website at
https://www.e‐a‐a.org/EAA2018/

Further information, including registration details, general and practical information, etc. can be found on the conference website.

Le dernier numéro de Medical History

Medical History 

Volume 62 / Issue 1, January 2017


*Exhibiting Good Health: Public Health Exhibitions in London, 1948–71 (Alex Mold)

*Healing a Sick World: Psychiatric Medicine and the Atomic Age (Ran Zwigenberg)

*Boyish Mannerisms and Womanly Coquetry: Patients with the Diagnosis of Transvestitismus in the Helsinki Psychiatric Clinic in Finland, 1954–68 (Katariina Parhi)

*Lechebnaia pedagogika: The Concept and Practice of Therapy in Russian Defectology, c. 1880–1936 (Andy Byford)

*Finding a Space for Women: The British Medical Association and Women Doctors in Australia, 1880–1939 (Louella McCarthy)

*‘From Defensive Paranoia to …Openness to Outside Scrutiny’: Prison Medical Officers in England and Wales, 1979–86 (Nicholas Duvall)

Media Review
Criminocorpus: Browsing through the French History of Crime and Medicine (Izel Demirbas)

Performance et trauma

Performance, Trauma and Victimhood Conference 

Call for papers

This interdisciplinary conference explores the role of performance and performativity in the mediation of traumatic effects. With a view to interrogating traditional conceptions of traumatic unrepresentability, it invites papers that explore the potential of performance for altering perceptions of space, time and causality, particularly through the materiality of the audience-artwork encounter. In addition, the conference will ask how victim identities are actively constructed, and ways in which enactments of suffering and victimhood might unsettle or incite unsustainable identifications of the reader/viewer. It also invites participants to address how personal histories and traumatic memory are performed in the medical encounter, and in public narratives surrounding medicine and psychiatry.

Contributions may include, but need not be limited to, the following themes:

• The unspeakable/unrepresentable in theatre and performance art
• Traumatic spaces and sites in performance and/or installation
• The politics of spectatorship in performance and visual art, and ways in which injustices are registered (or fail to be registered)
• Performing narratives of trauma and victimhood in popular culture
• Speaking the unspeakable (for example the role of poetry readings, support groups etc.)
• Traumatic narratives as self-performance
• Trauma and comedy, satire and/or parody
• Perspectives from victimhood and vulnerability studies
• Issues surrounding trauma and/or vulnerability in practise-as-research

The conference will take place at UCL on 26th April 2018, and is supported by the UCL Institute of Advance Studies, Birkbeck, and the Wellcome Trust. It will also feature a curated creative panel and a practise-as-research contribution in collaboration with the Birkbeck Centre for Contemporary Theatre.

Travel bursaries are available for those giving papers.

Please send abstracts of 250 words, accompanied by a 100 word bio, to Leah Sidi (Birkbeck) and Natasha Silver (UCL) at performancetraumaconf@gmail.com by 31st January.

Histoire de la chirurgie

The Palgrave Handbook of the History of Surgery

Thomas Schlich (Editor)

Palgrave Macmillan, London

ISBN 978-1-349-95259-5

This handbook covers the technical, social and cultural history of surgery. It reflects the state of the art and suggests directions for future research. It discusses what is different and specific about the history of surgery - a manual activity with a direct impact on the patient’s body. The individual entries in the handbook function as starting points for anyone who wants to obtain up-to-date information about an area in the history of surgery for purposes of research or for general orientation. Written by 26 experts from 6 countries, the chapters discuss the essential topics of the field (such as anaesthesia, wound infection, instruments, specialization), specific domains areas (for example, cancer surgery, transplants, animals, war), but also innovative themes (women, popular culture, nursing, clinical trials) and make connections to other areas of historical research (such as the history of emotions, art, architecture, colonial history). 

Introduction: What Is Special About the History of Surgery?

Thomas Schlich

Surgery and Its Histories: Purposes and Contexts

Christopher Lawrence

Pre-modern Surgery: Wounds, Words, and the Paradox of ‘Tradition’

Faith Wallis

Medicalizing the Surgical Trade, 1650–1820: Workers, Knowledge, Markets and Politics

Christelle Rabier

Surgery Becomes a Specialty: Professional Boundaries and Surgery

Peter J. Kernahan

Between Human and Veterinary Medicine: The History of Animals and Surgery

Abigail Woods

Women in Surgery: Patients and Practitioners

Claire Brock

Nursing and Surgery: Professionalisation, Education and Innovation

Rosemary Wall, Christine E. Hallett

Opening the Abdomen: The Expansion of Surgery

Sally Frampton

Surgery and Anaesthesia: Revolutions in Practice

Stephanie J. Snow

The History of Surgical Wound Infection: Revolution or Evolution?

Michael Worboys

Surgical Instruments: History and Historiography

Claire L. Jones

Surgery and Architecture: Spaces for Operating

Annmarie Adams

Visualizing Surgery: Surgeons’ Use of Images, 1600–Present

Harriet Palfreyman, Christelle Rabier

Art and Surgery: The Expert Hands of Artists and Surgeons

Mary Hunter

Surgery and Emotion: The Era Before Anaesthesia

Michael Brown

Surgery and Popular Culture: Situating the Surgeon and the Surgical Experience in Popular Media

Susan E. Lederer

Maladie, querelle et souffrance

Borderlines XXII : Sickness, Strafife and Suffering

Call for Papers

QUEEN’S UNIVERSITY BELFAST – 13-15TH APRIL 2018


We are pleased to invite abstract of ca. 250 words related to pain in the middle ages. Topics may include but are not limited to :

• collective pain
• depictions of pain,
• explanations of pain,
• judicial literature,
• medical literature,
• memory and pain,
• narratives of suffering,
• pain and creativity,
• pain and pleasure,
• psychological pain,
• social pain,
• religious literature,
• suffering in the afterlife

Please send abstracts of ca. 250 words, along with a short academic biography, to borderlinesxxii@gmail.com

The deadline for abstracts is 5th February 2018.