L'histoire de l'hôpital municipal

Medieval Healthcare and the Rise of Charitable Institutions. The History of the Municipal Hospital

Tiffany A. Ziegler 

Palgrave Pivot
2018
ISBN 978-3-030-02055-2

Medieval Healthcare and the Rise of Charitable Institutions: The History of the Municipal Hospital examines the development of medieval institutions of care, beginning with a survey of the earliest known hospitals in ancient times to the classical period, to the early Middle Ages, and finally to the explosion of hospitals in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries. For Western Christian medieval societies, institutional charity was a necessity set forth by the religion’s dictums—care for the needy and sick was a tenant of the faith, leading to a unique partnership between Christianity and institutional care that would expand into the fledging hospitals of the early Modern period. In this study, the hospital of Saint John in Brussels serves as an example of the developments. The institution followed the pattern of the establishment of medieval charitable institutions in the high Middle Ages, but diverged to become an archetype for later Christian hospitals.

Les médicaments dans le monde médiéval

Drugs in the medieval world (ca. 1050-ca. 1400)

Conference


7-8 December 2018, King’s College London

Sponsored by the Wellcome Trust and supported by the Centre for Late Antique and Medieval Studies (CLAMS) at King’s.


Friday, 7 December:Council Room (K2.29)

09:30-09:45: Registration

09:45: Opening Remarks: Dionysios Stathakopoulos

09:50: Introduction: Petros Bouras-Vallianatos

10:00-12:40: Session I, Chair: Dionysios Stathakopoulos (King’s College London)

Eliza Glaze (Coastal Carolina University): The Confluence of Latin, Byzantine, and Arabic Pharmacy: Southern Italy c. 1050-1150 CE

Arsenio Ferraces-Rodríguez (Universidade da Coruña): The Epistula de vulturein Two 12th-Century Manuscripts: Magic, Medicine and Ideology

Jeffrey Doolittle (Fordham University): ‘Efficassimum est Alexandrinum’: Drugs and Efficacy in Early Medieval Latin Pharmacology

Thanasis Rinotas (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven): Drawing Lines of Connection between the Medicinal Properties of Stones and Philosophy in the Work of Albertus Magnus

12:40-13:40:Lunch

13:40-15:40: Session II, Chair: Barbara Zipser (Royal Holloway, University of London)

Kathleen Walker-Meikle (King’s College London): Ibn Bakhtīshū’s On the Usefulness of Animalsin the Latin Traditio

Ronit Yoeli-Tlalim (Goldsmiths, University of London): Myrobalans: The Making of a Eurasian Panacea

Leigh Chipman (Hebrew University of Jerusalem): Digestive Syrups and After Dinner Drinks – Food or Medicine?

15:40-16:00: Coffee/Tea

16:00-18:40: Session III, Chair: Richard Greenfield (Queen's University, Kingston)

Efraim Lev (University of Haifa): The Alternative Uses of the Medieval Medicinal Substances that were Brought by the Arabs from the East

Fabian Käs (Universität zu Köln): Ibn al-Tilmīdh’s Book on Simple Drugs. A Christian Physician from Baghdad on the Arabic, Greek, Syriac, and Persian Nomenclature of Plants and Minerals

Ayman Atat (Technische Universität Braunschweig): The Transmission of Pharmaceutical Knowledge through Ibn Al-Bayṭār (13th Century)

Phillip I. Lieberman (Vanderbilt University): Remedies or Superstitions: Maimonides on Mishna Shabbat 6:10

 

Saturday, 8 December: Council Room (K2.29)

10:00-12:40:Session IV, Chair: Petros Bouras-Vallianatos (King’s College London)

Grigory Kessel (Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften & University of Manchester): Materia Medica in One Unedited Syriac Medical Manual

Sivan Gottlieb (Hebrew University of Jerusalem): “et probatum est” – A Hebrew Herbarium between Text and Illustration

Heinrich Evanzin (Paris-Lodron-Universität Salzburg): The Use of Heliotherapy Against Skin Diseases in Medieval Armenia – A Case Study on Ptychotis verticillata

Michael Stanley-Baker (Nanyang Technological University, Singapore): Tracking Materia Medica Across Time, Space, Genre, and Language

12:40-13:40: Lunch

13:40-16:10: Session V, Chair: William Maclehose (University College London)

Matteo Martelli (Università di Bologna): Mineral Drugs in Byzantine and Syriac Recipe-Books on Alchemy

Petros Bouras-Vallianatos (King’s College London): Pharmacological Knowledge Among Greek-Speaking Physicians in Twelfth-Century Southern Italy and Sicily

Richard Greenfield (Queen's University, Kingston): Making Magic Happen: Understanding ‘Drugs’ in Later Byzantine Sorcery

Maria Mavroudi (University of California, Berkeley): Byzantine Greek Medical Glossaries of Arabic, Persian, and Turkish Terms

16:10-16:30: Coffee/Tea

16:30-17:00: Concluding Remarks: Peregrine Horden (Royal Holloway, University of London)

Organised by Dr Petros Bouras-Vallianatos and Dr Dionysios Stathakopoulos


To register, please email Petros Bouras-Vallianatos (petros.bouras-vallianatos@kcl.ac.uk) by Sunday 2 December along with any dietary requests.

URL: https://www.kcl.ac.uk/events/event-story.aspx?id=585af024-781c-4eab-9892-1ad9bcc4ec5d

Les politiques de santé gaie dans les années 1970

Before AIDS: Gay Health Politics in the 1970s

Katie Batza

Series: Politics and Culture in Modern America

Hardcover: 192 pages

Publisher: University of Pennsylvania Press (February 20, 2018)

Language: English

ISBN-13: 978-0812250138

The AIDS crisis of the 1980s looms large in recent histories of sexuality, medicine, and politics, and justly so—an unknown virus without a cure ravages an already persecuted minority, medical professionals are unprepared and sometimes unwilling to care for the sick, and a national health bureaucracy is slow to invest resources in finding a cure. Yet this widely accepted narrative, while accurate, creates the impression that the gay community lacked any capacity to address AIDS. In fact, as Katie Batza demonstrates in this path-breaking book, there was already a well-developed network of gay-health clinics in American cities when the epidemic struck, and these clinics served as the first responders to the disease. Before AIDS explores this heretofore unrecognized story, chronicling the development of a national gay health network by highlighting the origins of longstanding gay health institutions in Boston, Chicago, and Los Angeles, placing them in a larger political context, and following them into the first five years of the AIDS crisis.

Like many other minority communities in the 1970s, gay men faced public health challenges that resulted as much from their political marginalization and social stigmatization as from any disease. Gay men mistrusted mainstream health institutions, fearing outing, ostracism, misdiagnosis, and the possibility that their sexuality itself would be treated as a medical condition. In response to these problems, a colorful cast of doctors and activists built a largely self-sufficient gay medical system that challenged, collaborated with, and educated mainstream health practitioners. Taking inspiration from rhetoric employed by the Black Panther, feminist, and anti-urban renewal movements, and putting government funding to new and often unintended uses, gay health activists of the 1970s changed the medical and political understandings of sexuality and health to reflect the new realities of their own sexual revolution.

La responsabilité partagée du soin

The shared responsibility of care: Historical debates on health and social care provision during the 19th and 20th centuries

Call for Papers


International workshop 

Leuven, 3-4 June 2019 

Current political and societal discussions on the future organisation of social and healthcare services are driven by many different agendas. The traditional, institutionalised national welfare state mechanisms experience rising demands but are at the same time confronted with budgetary and operational limits. Officials and policy makers try to develop new frameworks, re-adjusting the balance of responsibilities assigned to professional welfare state institutions, private actors and subsidiary social provisions, the formal and informal voluntary assistance offered by local and cultural communities (community care) and the intergenerational solidarity within families and between individuals. Social provisions should focus on needs rather than on entitlements, so it is argued. New forms of governance and more ‘humane’ social provisions are demanded, rooted in less calculated and conditional but more disinterested forms of solidarity. Other arguments concern the empowerment of patients and other care-receivers, sometimes connected to the need for more individualised provisions and the revalorisation of self-help. Meanwhile other voices urge for a de-institutionalisation or at least a stronger societal embedding of care, facilitating for instance the social (re)integration of patients and other vulnerable groups. These wide-ranging issues and discussions are sometimes summarized under the umbrella concept of ‘socialisation of care’, although this notion remains vague and has been defined in very different ways.

Present debates in European countries on the balance of responsibilities in health and social care often refer to historical practices and models, such as home care traditions and longstanding informal solidarity systems. But a genuine historical perspective on these matters is usually lacking. Historians however ascertain that some contemporary discussions indeed display remarkable similarities with debates in former decades/centuries or even have clear historical antecedents. But we can of course also detect several discontinuities through time and space. The prevailing systems and practices of health and social care in the different European nation states show remarkable differences, as do the ways in which roles and responsibilities are allocated. But all present-day systems can be labelled as the (interim) result of a long lasting ‘balancing act’, involving numerous actors, colored by many different contextual factors and driven by broader (societal, ideological and political, scientific and technological,…) evolutions.

This workshop wants to explore this topic by comparatively reflecting on a set of historical debates concerning the balance of responsibilities in health and/or social care in the 19th and 20th centuries. The main geographical focus of the workshop is on Europe, but propos­als dealing with similar discussions in national contexts outside this continent, will also be taken into consideration. Above all, the organisers want to confront a diverse (chronological, geographical, thematic,…) set of historical case-studies that tackle the issue of shared/ complementary roles and responsibilities in care-systems throughout the many different subfields: poor relief, healthcare and preventive healthcare, child and elderly care, infor­mal caregiving, the care for disabled people, especially those with a mental disorder,… Papers can address discussions set within a particular local, regional or national context, but we also welcome contributions that show a long-term perspective and/or highlight transnational interactions and crossovers.

We urge the contributors to develop their case-study in a systematic way, clearly explaining the context and importance of the debate. Which factors instigated it and on which issues did the discussions focus? Who were the confronting partners and what were their main arguments? How were the main actors (care-providers and care-receivers) framed within the discussions? How did this imagery and the arguments used refer to ideology and religion? And what was the outcome of the debate on care policies and practices? Researchers who wish to highlight the (di)similarities of the historical debate(s) they develop, with the present-day discussions on the organisation of care, are kindly invited to do so. This is however no requirement. After all, at the end of the workshop a panel of specialists of present-day and future care provision will be asked to reflect on the historical case-studies presented.


PROPOSAL

Researchers from different disciplines and at any stage of their career are invited to submit a proposal. The language of the workshop will be English.

Proposals should be submitted as PDF documents and contain:
a clear title of the envisaged paper
a summary of maximum 500 words, which outlines the paper’s goals, methodology and source materials.
CV(s) of the author(s), with contact information, position and institutional affiliation

They can be emailed to the workshop organizers (peter.heyrman@kuleuven.be) no later than 15 January 2019. The sender should receive a confirmation of proposal receipt within 48 hours. Notification of acceptance will occur no later than 4 February 2019. The selection of the proposals will be based on topic rel­evance and on the degree to which the proposal answers to the call.


All participants will be offered accommodation but with a maximum of three nights (Sunday until Wednesday). A budget for travel is provided for participants who are unable to find funding at their home institution or at other national instances.

A publication of the workshop proceedings is planned with an academic publisher.


SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE
Kim Christiaens (KADOC-KU Leuven)
Catharina Th. Bakker (University of Utrecht)
Bert De Munck (University of Antwerp)
Peter Heyrman (KADOC-KU Leuven)
Stijn Van de Perre (Ghent University / Artevelde University College Ghent)
Pieter Verstraete (KU Leuven)
Kaat Wils (KU Leuven)


ORGANIZING COMMITTEE
Kim Christiaens
Peter Heyrman
Pieter Verstraete


VENUE
KADOC-KU Leuven, Vlamingenstraat 39 3000 Leuven.


TIMING
Call for Papers: November 2018

Deadline for proposal submission: 15 January 2019

Proposal notification: Monday 4 February 2019

Deadline for papers: Monday 6 May 2019

Workshop: 3-4 June 2019

Contact Info:
For any questions and to submit your proposal, please contact:
peter.heyrman@kuleuven.be

KADOC-KU Leuven
Vlamingenstraat 39
B-3000 Leuven (Belgium)

Contact Email:
peter.heyrman@kuleuven.be

URL:
https://kadoc.kuleuven.be/pdf/studiedagen/20190603-cfp-shared-responsibility-care.pdf

Les lettres d'Aldous Huxley et Humphry Osmond

Psychedelic Prophets. The Letters of Aldous Huxley and Humphry Osmond

Edited by Cynthia Carson Bisbee, Paul Bisbee, Erika Dyck, Patrick Farrell, James Sexton and James W. Spisak

McGill-Queen's University Press

McGill-Queen's/Associated Medical Services Studies in the History of Medicine, Health, and Society 

768 Pages, 6.5 x 9.25

10 photos

ISBN 9780773555068

December 2018

Letters between the men who coined the term "psychedelic" and opened doors to a different way of thinking about human consciousness.

Aldous Huxley (1894-1963) was the author of nearly fifty books and numerous essays, best known for his dystopian novel Brave New World. Humphry Osmond (1917-2004) was a British-trained psychiatrist interested in the biological nature of mental illness and the potential for psychedelic drugs to treat psychoses, especially schizophrenia. In 1953, Huxley sent an appreciative note to Osmond about an article he and a colleague had published on their experiments with mescaline, which inspired an initial meeting and decade-long correspondence.

This critical edition provides the complete Huxley-Osmond correspondence, chronicling an exchange between two brilliant thinkers who explored such subjects as psychedelics, the visionary experience, the nature of mind, human potentialities, schizophrenia, death and dying, Indigenous rituals and consciousness, socialism, capitalism, totalitarianism, power and authority, and human evolution. There are references to mutual friends, colleagues, and eminent figures of the day, as well as details about both men's personal lives. The letters bear witness to the development of mind-altering drugs aimed at discovering the mechanisms of mental illness and eventually its treatment. A detailed introduction situates the letters in their historical, social, and literary context, explores how Huxley and Osmond first coined the term "psychedelic," contextualizes their work in mid-century psychiatry, and reflects on their legacy as contributors to the science of mind-altering substances.

Psychedelic Prophets is an extraordinary record of a full correspondence between two leading minds and a testament to friendship, intellectualism, empathy, and tolerance. The fact that these sentiments emerge so clearly from the letters, at a historical moment best known for polarizing ideological conflict, threats of nuclear war, and the rise of post-modernism, reveals much about the personalities of the authors and the persistence of these themes today.

Histoire de l'exploration et de la stimulation cérébrales

Histoire de l'exploration et de la stimulation cérébrales

Bulletin d'Histoire et d'Épistémologie des Sciences de la vie, Volume 25, Numéro 2, 2018 

Présentation 
Céline Cherici

Mise en perspective historique des liens entre épilepsie, neurologie et psychiatrie, période XIXe-XXIe siècles 
Karine Le Jeune

Pathologies et modèles cérébraux. Le cas de l’épilepsie 
Jean-Claude Dupont

L'institut neurologique de Montréal : les travaux de Wilder Penfield (1891-1976) 
Céline Cherici

Localiser les enregistrements et les stimulations électriques du cerveau par la stéréotaxie 
Jean-Gaël Barbara

Machines, minds, electric brains: stimulation/recording as practical framework and thought style Cornelius Borck

À la croisée de tant de mondes. Quelle(s) histoire(s) pour la stimulation cérébrale profonde ? 
Baptiste Moutaud et Ana Aranzazu

Stimulation cérébrale profonde et augmentation morale 
Luc Faucher

Science et médecine dans l'empire portugais

Assembling the Tropics. Science and Medicine in Portugal's Empire, 1450–1700


Hugh Cagle

Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Online publication date: August 2018
Print publication year: 2018
Online ISBN: 9781108164856
https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108164856


From popular fiction to modern biomedicine, the tropics are defined by two essential features: prodigious nature and debilitating illness. That was not always so. In this engaging and imaginative study, Hugh Cagle shows how such a vision was created. Along the way, he challenges conventional accounts of the Scientific Revolution. The history of 'the tropics' is the story of science in Europe's first global empire. Beginning in the late fifteenth century, Portugal established colonies from sub-Saharan Africa to Southeast Asia and South America, enabling the earliest comparisons of nature and disease across the tropical world. Assembling the Tropics shows how the proliferation of colonial approaches to medicine and natural history led to the assemblage of 'the tropics' as a single, coherent, and internally consistent global region. This is a story about how places acquire medical meaning, about how nature and disease become objects of scientific inquiry, and about what is at stake when that happens.

Prix 2018 de la SFHM

Prix 2018 de la SFHM


Appel à candidatures

La Société Française d’Histoire de la Médecine (http://www.biusante.parisdescartes.fr/sfhm/debut.htm) décerne chaque année des prix donnant droit au titre de lauréat de la Société.

Les prix concernent des mémoires de master ou des thèses consacrés à l’histoire de la médecine, publiés ou soutenus, en langue française, durant les 24 derniers mois.

Ces prix sont attribués de la manière suivante :
– l’un au titre d’une thèse de médecine ;
– et l’autre au titre d’une thèse ou d’un mémoire de master émanant d’une faculté ou d’une école « autre que médicale ».
Félix Vicq d’Azyr. Frontispice du Traité d’anatomie et de physiologie (F-A Didot, 1786).

Chaque prix donne droit à une médaille de la Société gravée au nom du lauréat et sera accompagné d’un chèque (d’un montant variable décidé chaque année par le CA), à condition que le candidat assiste à la séance de proclamation et de remise des prix lors de la séance solennelle du mois de mars.

Les candidats doivent envoyer deux exemplaires de leur mémoire ou thèse, accompagnés d’une notice biographique, avant 31 décembre 2018 à l’adresse suivante :

Jean-François Vincent
Bibliothèque interuniversitaire de santé
12, rue de l’École-de-Médecine
75270 PARIS Cedex 06


Pour tout renseignement, contacter Jean-François Vincent, tél : 01 76 53 19 65 ; email : jean-francois.vincent@biusante.parisdescartes.fr

Ventres, intestins et entrailles au 18e siècle

Bellies, bowels and entrails in the eighteenth century

Edited by Rebecca Anne Barr, Sylvie Kleiman-Lafon and Sophie Vasset 


Manchester University Press
Pages: 368
Published Date: August 2018
Format: Hardcover
ISBN: 978-1-5261-2705-1

This collection of essays seeks to challenge the notion of the supremacy of the brain as the key organ of the Enlightenment, by focusing on the workings of the bowels and viscera that so obsessed writers and thinkers during the long eighteenth-century. These inner organs and the digestive process acted as counterpoints to politeness and other modes of refined sociability, drawing attention to the deeper workings of the self. Moving beyond recent studies of luxury and conspicuous consumption, where dysfunctional bowels have been represented as a symptom of excess, this book seeks to explore other manifestations of the visceral and to explain how the bowels played a crucial part in eighteenth-century emotions and perceptions of the self. The collection offers an interdisciplinary and cross-cultural perspective on entrails and digestion by addressing urban history, visual studies, literature, medical history, religious history, and material culture in England, France, and Germany.

Les statistiques et l'émergence de la chirurgie contemporaine

Safe Surgery: Statistics and the Rise of Modern Surgery, 18th-20th centuries

Lecture by Thomas Schlich, Professor in the History of Medicine, McGill University

Biennial Kass Lecture in the History of Medicine Wednesday

12 December 2018

Anatomy Lecture Theatre

King’s College, London

5.30-7 pm

This lecture explores how the acceptance of surgical healing strategies was connected with the production and use of statistical information on the outcomes of surgical interventions. Thus, the rise of modern surgery was intertwined in interesting ways with the concurrent rise of statistical thinking, resulting in the concept of “Safe Surgery” around 1900. This account looks at the origins and contexts of the production and presentation of population-based numerical data in surgery. It analyses the controversies its use engendered, and describes how, in combination with other kinds of medical knowledge, statistics enabled the rise of modern surgery as a ubiquitous and largely unquestioned practice of modern medicine.

A reception will follow from 7-8 pm.

The event is free and open to the public, but to attend you need to register at: https://www.eventbrite.co.uk/e/biennial-kass-lecture-in-the-history-of-medicine-tickets-52823692085.