Cellier Marine, Damerdji Amina, Lloret Sylvain (dir.)
Préfacière: Célestine (Audrey)
Cet ouvrage analyse sur le temps long et avec un éventail disciplinaire large la fabrique de la race dans la Caraïbe. Après une exploration des divers champs de la racialisation, les contributions s’intéressent aux effets de tabous et d’invisibilisation liés à la race.
Pensée de la foule, pensée de l'inconscient. Généalogie de la psychologie des foules (1875-1895)
Elena BOVO
Éditeur : Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté
Série : Archives de l'imaginaire social / Numéro de série : 10
23 septembre 2021
ISBN : 978-2-84867-841-2
Avec sa Psychologie des foules (1895), Gustave Le Bon fut considéré comme l’inventeur d’une nouvelle science de la société. Pourtant, la généalogie conceptuelle montre que Le Bon, loin d’ouvrir, referme au contraire l’époque de la pensée de la foule, en la soumettant à sa pensée de la « race ». En effet, avant Le Bon, les théoriciens italiens avaient tenu ensemble, au prix de fortes tensions théoriques, un discours déterministe sur la foule et un discours en faveur de l’émancipation des classes dominées.
Il est dès lors impossible de réduire la psychologie des foules à une idéologie réactionnaire. Un autre regard s’ouvre sur cette science sociale aujourd’hui disparue.
Entre naturel et surnaturel, les corps affectés au XVIIIe siècle
Appel à communications
Colloque international
31 mai-3 juin 2022
CHUV, Lausanne & Château Mercier, Sierre
Ce colloque portera sur la question du corps entre le naturel et le surnaturel, au XVIIIe siècle en Europe. Il s’agira de revenir sur un argument épistémologique communément admis dans l’historiographie selon lequel l’époque des Lumières et la critique du religieux ont réglé définitivement la séparation du naturel et du surnaturel. Les champs qui nous intéressent en particulier, et qui s’avèrent des plus judicieux en ce domaine, concernent l’histoire de la médecine, l’histoire du religieux, la philosophie et l’anthropologie. Nous aborderons le problème en nous concentrant sur la question du corps, et sur les relations entre l’âme et le corps. Nous parlerons des corps en situation, des corps affectés, malmenés, troublés, déviants, possédés, convulsionnaires, autant de situations propices à relancer la question du départage entre le naturel et le surnaturel.
Chaque contributeur·trice présentera un travail original comprenant un dossier de sources documentaires à propos d’un ou de plusieurs cas. Il·Elle mettra en perspective un corps pris dans une situation « affective » particulière qui l’organise, le dispose et le représente. Une telle approche permettra de poser la question sous un nouvel angle sans réduire l’analyse au seul champ surplombant d’une « histoire des idées ». Plusieurs thématiques apparaissent déjà, comme les convulsionnaires, les possédé·e·s, le tarentisme, le vampirisme, le mesmérisme, les reliques, la lycanthropie, « l’homme sauvage », les signes de la mort, ou encore la réception de ces phénomènes par les premiers aliénistes et la pathologisation des phénomènes religieux.
Ce colloque se déroulera de la manière suivante : une conférence inaugurale aura lieu le 31 mai 2022, au CHUV (Lausanne) puis les participant·e·s se réuniront du 1e au 3 juin 2022, au Château Mercier (Sierre). Chaque intervenant·e disposera d’une heure de parole pour présenter son dossier et en faire l’analyse, avant une discussion générale de 30 minutes. Les conférences peuvent être données en français ou en anglais, mais une compréhension du français est attendue. L’ensemble des contributions fera l’objet d’une publication.
Pour toute personne intéressée, veuillez envoyer votre proposition avant le 30 septembre 2021, à l’adresse suivante : ihm@chuv.ch, avec la mention corpsaffectés2022.
La proposition (1 page max.) devra contenir une présentation du cas et des sources qui seront étudiés, suivie d’une brève biographie.
Le conseil scientifique qui examine les propositions vous répondra dans les plus brefs délais. L’ensemble du séjour (voyage, repas et hébergement) sera pris en charge.
Colloque subventionné par le FNS (n° 178886).
Organisateur·trice·s : Vincent Barras, Léonard Dolivo, Serge Margel, Eva Yampolsky
Between the natural and the supernatural, affected bodies during the 18th century
International conference
May 31st-June 3rd 2022
CHUV, Lausanne & Château Mercier, Sierre
This conference will focus on the question of the body, between the natural and the supernatural, in Europe during the 18th century. It will review the epistemological argument that has been commonly adopted in historiography, according to which the Enlightenment and the critique of religion definitively separated the natural from the supernatural. The fields of study that are of particular interest to us, and which are among the most pertinent in this area, are the history of medicine, the history of religion, philosophy and anthropology. We will examine this subject by focusing on the question of the body, and on the relations between the soul and the body. We will analyze bodies in situation, bodies that are affected, mistreated, troubled, deviant, possessed or in convulsion. These situations will allow us to renew the question of the relation between the natural and the supernatural.
Each conference participant will present original research based on a set of documentary sources dealing with one or several cases studies. He/She will put into perspective a body that is in a specific “affective” situation that organizes, seizes and represents it. Such an approach will allow us to ask this question from a different perspective, without reducing the analysis to the sole overarching perspective of a “history of ideas”. Several themes come to mind, such as the Convulsionaries, demonic possession, tarantism, vampirism, mesmerism, relics, lycanthropy, “the wild man”, signs of death, as well as the reception of these phenomena by the first alienists and the pathologization of religious phenomena.
This conference will be structured as follows: an inaugural conference will take place on May 31st 2022 at the Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV, Lausanne), the participants will then meet from June 1st to June 3rd 2022 at the Château Mercier (Sierre). Each participant will have one hour to present and analyze their case study and the archival sources, followed by 30 minutes of discussion. Conferences can be given in French or in English, however, a comprehension of French is expected. We plan to publish the entirety of these conference papers.
If you are interested in participating in this conference, please submit a proposal by September 30th 2021 to the following e-mail address: ihm@chuv.ch, with the mention “corpsaffectés2022” in the subject line.
The proposal (1 page maximum) should present the case study and the sources that will be analyzed, followed by a brief biography.
The scientific committee will examine the submitted proposals and will reply soon thereafter. The participants’ expenses (travel, meals and accommodation) will be covered.
This conference is funded by the Swiss national science foundation (n° 178886).
Organizers : Vincent Barras, Léonard Dolivo, Serge Margel, Eva Yampolsky
Edmund O Lawler
Publisher : Anthem Press (August 17, 2021)
Language : English
Hardcover : 124 pages
ISBN-13 : 978-1785278341
In a community hospital in suburban Chicago run by Catholic nuns, surgeons performed an operation never done in the world before. The team at the Little Company of Mary Hospital led by Richard Lawler transplanted a kidney in 1950 from a just-deceased woman into the abdominal cavity of a 44-year-old woman.
Critics in the medical community called the operation irresponsible because immunosuppressant drugs that prevent the rejection of a transplanted organ had yet to be developed. Some Catholic clergy considered the transplant sacrilegious because it "desecrated" the sacred body of a dead woman when her kidney was removed. Yet the nuns who ran the hospital blessed the procedure.
Lawler said time alone would judge its success. Seventy years later, that transplant is largely lost to history-overshadowed by remarkable transplant surgeries and medical breakthroughs that have made life-saving kidney and other organ transplants almost routine. The book throws light on a seminal moment in medical history, offering new insights into the early days of human organ transplantation while also looking at the current national kidney crisis.
William H. Schneider (Editor)
Publisher : Ohio University Press (August 17, 2021)
Language : English
Hardcover : 280 pages
ISBN-13 : 978-0821424582
This new collection of essays on HIV viruses spans disciplines to topple popular narratives about the origins of the AIDS pandemic and the impact of the disease on public health policy.
With a death toll in the tens of millions, the AIDS pandemic was one of the worst medical disasters of the past century. The disease was identified in 1981, at the height of miraculous postwar medical achievements, including effective antibiotics, breakthrough advances in heart surgery and transplantations, and cheap, safe vaccines—smallpox had been eradicated just a few years earlier. Arriving as they did during this era of confidence in modern medicine, the HIV epidemics shook the public’s faith in health science. Despite subsequent success in identifying, testing, and treating AIDS, the emergence of epidemics and outbreaks of Ebola, Zika, and the novel coronaviruses (SARS and COVID-19) are stark reminders that such confidence in modern medicine is not likely to be restored until the emergence of these viruses is better understood.
This collection combines the work of major social science and humanities scholars with that of virologists and epidemiologists to provide a broader understanding of the historical, social, and cultural circumstances that produced the pandemic. The authors argue that the emergence of the HIV viruses and their epidemic spread were not the result of a random mutation but rather broader new influences whose impact depended upon a combination of specific circumstances at different places and times. The viruses emerged and were transmitted according to population movement and urbanization, changes in sexual relations, new medical procedures, and war. In this way, the AIDS pandemic was not a chance natural occurrence, but a human-made disaster.
Essays by: Ernest M. Drucker, Tamara Giles-Vernick, Ch. Didier Gondola, Guillaume Lachenal, Amandine Lauro, Preston A. Marx, Stephanie Rupp, François Simon, Jorge Varanda
