jeudi 9 janvier 2020

Les femmes administratrices de la folie


Sourcer l'histoire des sciences

Sourcing the History of Science


Call for papers

The North British History of Science Symposium
Dates: 20­–21 June 2020
Location: Hatfield College, Durham University
Submission deadline: 31 January 2020

The first North British History of Science Symposium will be held June 20­–21 at Durham University’s Hatfield College. The theme of the symposium will be “Sourcing the History of Science.” We invite proposals for short talks that highlight a source or sources and raise questions for discussion about how to interpret them.

Symposium Goals
The symposium aims to create an informal and constructive environment that can provide material benefit to projects in progress. We therefore discourage polished narratives and ask that participants discuss some interpretive issues motivated by sources with which they are currently engaged, and which would benefit from constructive discussion.

Scope and Eligibility
We welcome work from all time periods and regions. The symposium aims to strengthen community among members of institutions in the north of Britain, but we will consider submissions from scholars with any (or no) institution affiliation, at any career stage. Students and early career scholars are especially encouraged to submit.

Submission Process
Submissions should be sent to Joe Martin at joseph.d.martin@durham.ac.uk and should consist of the following information, in the body of the email:
- Name
- Email address
- Affiliation, or how you would like to appear on the programme
- An abstract of no more than 200 words describing:
o The source(s) you would like to discuss
o The project that the source(s) support
o The interpretive questions you would benefit from discussing

The submission deadline is 31 January 2020. We plan to circulate a draft program by the end of February 2020.

Funds may be available to defray travel and registration costs for early career scholars.

Programme Committee
Sare Aricanli (Durham)
Michael Barany (Edinburgh)
Matthew Eddy (Durham)
Hansun Hsuing (Durham)
Ludmilla Jordanova (Durham)
Joseph D. Martin (Durham)

Advisory Committee
Michael Barany (Edinburgh)
Geoff Belknap (Science and Media Museum)
Isobel Falconer (St Andrews)

Joseph D. Martin (Durham)
Gregory Radick (Leeds)
Amanda Rees (York)
James Sumner (Manchester)

mercredi 8 janvier 2020

Osler en Italie

Osler and Italy: An intermittent love story 

Luca Borghi



Paperback: 190 pages
Publisher: Independently published (December 11, 2019)
Language: English
ISBN-13: 978-1701243002


William Osler (1849-1919) can be considered the ‘noble father’ of contemporary American medicine. As unquestioned leader of the early medical school at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, as author of one of the most appreciated and long-selling textbooks of internal medicine, The Principles and Practice of Medicine, and, through this book, the inspirer of the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research in New York, his influence on twentieth century healthcare can hardly be exaggerated. Osler’s warm, cheerful and kind attitude towards patients and collaborators remains a role model and a source of inspiration for contemporary health professionals. Such features of his character had deep humanistic roots, through his wide and intimate knowledge of ancient and modern literature and arts. Italy and Italian culture had a prominent place in Osler’s cultural view. His interest in the history of medicine, mediated by his love for books, made him familiar with the Italian contributions to this history: “Minerva Medica – he wrote – has never had her chief temples in any one country for more than a generation or two. For a long period at the Renaissance she dwelt in Northern Italy, and from all parts of the world men flocked to Padua and to Bologna”. This book explores, for the first time, William Osler’s relationship with Italy and with Italian people - not only those in the medical field – from his early medical, scientific and literary connections with Italians to the three trips he made to the Bel Paese in the last years of his life. Even if Osler’s esteem for Italian medicine in his times was somehow ‘intermittent’, he came to appreciate Italy more and more as time gave him the opportunity to experience the country and its inhabitants directly.The many people who already love Osler will have here the opportunity to explore an almost uncharted area of his life, while people who are not so familiar with this gigantic figure of modern medicine can become better acquainted with him - in this centennial year from his death - from an unusual perspective.

Bourses du Science History Institute

Science History Institute Fellowships 

Call for applications

The Beckman Center at the Science History Institute offers fellowships on an annual cycle for scholars doing research on our collections or in the history and social studies of chemistry, chemical engineering, and the life sciences. Fellows are expected to participate in biweekly informal writing groups and give at least one Lunchtime Lecture. They also have the opportunity to take part in a variety of outreach activities while in residence at the Institute. About 20 fellowships are given out annually, making the Beckman Center the largest private fellowship program in the history of science in the United States. Researchers travel from all over the world to use our collections and take part in a vibrant scholarly community.

The research collections at the Institute range chronologically from the 15th century to the present and include 6,000 rare books; significant archival holdings; thousands of images and other graphic materials; memorabilia of various kinds; oral histories; and a large artifact and fine arts collection, supported by over 100,000 modern primary-source volumes and journals. Within the collections are many areas of special strength, including alchemy, mining and metallurgy, dyeing and bleaching, balneology, gunpowder and pyrotechnics, gas-lighting, books of secrets, inorganic and organic chemistry, biochemistry, food chemistry, and pharmaceuticals.

The library collections can be searched online at othmerlib.sciencehistory.org. Subject guides along with information on how to use the library can be found at guides.othmerlibrary.sciencehistory.org. You can also explore a number of our digitized collections at digital.sciencehistory.org.

The Beckman Center offers several types of fellowship:

80/20 Postdoctoral fellowships (2 years):

These fellowships reflect the Institute’s commitment to providing career-launching fellowships for recent PhDs and its support for the career diversity initiatives of the American Historical Association and affiliated scholarly societies. The 80/20 postdoctoral fellowship program will enable the Beckman Center’s postdocs to build skills and experience that can enhance their opportunities outside the academy or their work within it.

During each of the two years fellows will spend on average one day a week working closely with Institute staff on projects related to their research in one of four concentrations: rare books, museum, oral history, or public programs. The rare books and museum concentrations incorporate a digital component, and all fellows undertake at least one outreach activity. The rest of the time fellows are expected to take advantage of the Institute’s considerable resources to develop and publish their own research. In addition, each 80/20 fellow will give one of our two flagship Fellow in Focus public lectures, either in the fall or the spring. There will also be an opportunity to organize jointly a two-day workshop in the Institute’s state-of-the-art conference center on a topic determined collaboratively by the fellows.

Applicants for 80/20 postdoctoral fellowships must expect to have their PhD in hand before July 2020 and have earned that degree within the last five years. Postdoctoral fellowship stipends are US$45,000 paid in monthly installments, with an additional US$2,500 subsidy for health insurance and an annual grant for travel expenses.

 
Dissertation fellowships (9 months):

These fellowships are open to graduate students whose PhD dissertation proposals have been accepted by their respective university departments. We also encourage applications from candidates in dissertation- or thesis-only PhD programs outside of the United States whose funding does not extend to a fourth year. The stipend is US$26,000, with an additional one-off grant for initial travel expenses.

Short-Term fellowships (1–4 months):

These fellowships are open to all scholars and researchers irrespective of career stage, including doctoral students, who plan to work closely with the Institute’s collections on an independent research project. The stipend is US$3,000 per month to defray the costs of travel, accommodation, and living expenses.

Contact: fellowships@sciencehistory.org

The deadline for the Fall 2019 call for fellowship applications is February 3, 2019. See our website for instructions on how to apply and the link to the online application.

The Bredig Archive

We would particularly like to draw attention to our recent acquisition of the personal papers of the Jewish-German émigré scientist Georg Bredig (1868–1944) and his son, Max (1902–1977). The sizable collection consists of correspondence, books, photographs, and scientific notes smuggled out of Germany during World War II. A founding figure in physical chemistry and catalytic research, Bredig became a target for persecution by the Nazi regime owing to his Jewish background and liberal political beliefs. The archive bears witness to Bredig’s significant scientific contributions and his family’s struggle to survive the Holocaust.

We are currently processing the collection and preparing a finding aid, and we anticipate opening the archive to scholars for consultation in spring 2020. We strongly encourage those with relevant historical interests to apply for short-term fellowships in order to explore its contents with the aim of developing a more substantive research program. We also invite scholars who believe that their existing work would be enhanced by materials in the Bredig collection to apply for short- or long-term fellowships.

Daniel Jon Mitchell
Research Fellow
Director, Center for Historical Research

Science History Institute
Chemistry • Engineering • Life Sciences
315 Chestnut Street • Philadelphia, PA 19106 • U.S.A.
sciencehistory.org

mardi 7 janvier 2020

Histoire de la fausse-couche en Amérique

The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy: A History of Miscarriage in America


Lara Freidenfelds

Publisher: Oxford University Press
Hardcover: January 2, 2020
256 pages
Language: English
ISBN-13: 978-0190869816




When a couple plans for a child today, every moment seems precious and unique. Home pregnancy tests promise good news just days after conception, and prospective parents can track the progress of their pregnancy day by day with apps that deliver a stream of embryonic portraits. On-line due date calculators trigger a direct-marketing barrage of baby-name lists and diaper coupons. Ultrasounds as early as eight weeks offer a first photo for the baby book.


Yet, all too often, even the best-strategized childbearing plans go awry. About twenty percent of confirmed pregnancies miscarry, mostly in the first months of gestation. Statistically, early pregnancy losses are a normal part of childbearing for healthy women. Drawing on sources ranging from advice books and corporate marketing plans to diary entries and blog posts, Lara Freidenfelds offers a deep perspective on how this common and natural phenomenon has been experienced. As she shows, historically, miscarriages were generally taken in stride so long as a woman eventually had the children she desired. 


This has changed in recent decades, and an early pregnancy loss is often heartbreaking and can be as devastating to couples as losing a child. Freidenfelds traces how innovations in scientific medicine, consumer culture, cultural attitudes toward women and families, and fundamental convictions about human agency have reshaped the childbearing landscape. While the benefits of an increased emphasis on parental affection, careful pregnancy planning, attentive medical care, and specialized baby gear are real, they have also created unrealistic and potentially damaging expectations about a couple's ability to control reproduction and achieve perfect experiences. 


The Myth of the Perfect Pregnancy provides a reassuring perspective on early pregnancy loss and suggests ways for miscarriage to more effectively be acknowledged by women, their families, their healthcare providers, and the maternity care industry.

Maladie, rites et objets votifs

« C’est un peu de moi que je vous abandonne... ». Maladie, rites et objets (votifs) de l'Antiquité à nos jours

8e colloque international de pathographie

Ce colloque, jumelé avec les colloques internationaux bi-annuels de pathographie, s’intéressera aux pratiques votives et aux figurations des maladies sur l’objet offert. On confrontera les modus operandi de façon transculturelle (mondes afro-caribéens, sud- américains, asiatiques, etc.) et diachronique (périodes antique, médiévale, moderne et contemporaine). On essaiera de mieux comprendre les déterminants de ces pratiques, de répondre aux questions tenant à la représentativité des offrandes et à leur stéréotypie (ou non ?) dans le temps et l’espace.

Comité scientifique : Philippe Charlier (musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac), Clarisse Prêtre (CNRS, UMR AnHiMA)

Coordination : Anna Gianotti Laban, musée du quai Branly-Jacques Chirac, anna.gianotti-laban@quaibranly.fr


Mardi 21 et mercredi 22/01/2020 9h30 - 18h30

Salle de cinéma
37 quai Branly, 75007 Paris
www.quaibranly.fr



Mardi 21 janvier


9h15 Accueil du colloque 

9h30-10h00 Introduction
John Scheid, Collège de France, Paris

L’OBJET VOTIF DANS L’ANTIQUITE
Modération : D. Gourevitch, EPHE, Paris

10h00- 10h30
La conjuration permanente de la déesse dangereuse : religion, magie et médecine dans l’Egypte pharaonique
Thibault Monier, Académie nationale de chirurgie dentaire, Paris

10h30-11h00
Objet votif et action rituelle : entre serment et sacrifice
Carlo Severi, EHESS, Paris 11h00-11h20 pause-café

11h20-11h50
In vino sanitas. Dionysos Iatros et les amphores
Vasilica Lungu, Institut d’Études du Sud-Est Européen, Bucarest

11h50-12h20
Dons d’entrailles. Offrandes représentant des organes internes dans le monde romain : chronologie, diffusion, signification
Olivier de Cazanove, Université Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris

12h20-12h50
Maladie, guérison : objets rituels en Gaule romaine
Stéphanie Raux, INRAP, Montpellier 13h00-14h30 déjeuner


Déjeuner


L’OBJET MEDIUM ENTRE L’HUMAIN ET LE DIVIN
Modération : Olivier de Cazanove, Université Paris 1 - Panthéon-Sorbonne, Paris

14h30-15h00
Reliques et ex-voto : le sanctuaire chrétien comme pharmacopée homéopathique
Pierre-Antoine Fabre, EHESS, Paris

15h00-15h30
“Put your trust in God”: in Pompeii, it has been done since the VII century before Christ up to now
Mgr Pietro Caggiano, Santuario della Beata Maria Vergine del Santo Rosario, Pompei

15h30-16h00
Survivance de l’objet de protection contre la maladie (prière écrite, talisman, amulette, plante...) en France. Transfert/contre-transfert ; reliquat de pensée magique et animiste contre l’angoisse de mort
Guy Lesœurs, Collège International de Psychanalyse et d’Anthropologie, Paris


16h00-16h20 pause-café

L’OBJET AU CŒUR DU RITE

16h20-16h50
Les choses qui soignent : fétiches, plantes, matières agissantes
Agniezka Kedzierska Manzon, EPHE, Paris

16h50-17h20
Des "ex-voto" singuliers : coquilles, cornes, plumes et mâchoires dans quelques rites sacrificiels ouest-africains
Odile Journet-Diallo, EPHE, Paris


Mercredi 22 janvier


PRATIQUES RITUELLES DANS LES MONDES ASIATIQUES
Modération : Philippe Charlier, musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, Paris

9h30-10h00
Un rituel propitiatoire – et gratulatoire - en Asie centrale
Sylvie Lasserre, Turquie

10h00-10h30
La syncrèse des régimes sémiotiques dans les pratiques médicales et divinatoires au Japon
Alain Rocher, EPHE, Paris 10h30-10h50 pause-café

10h50-11h20
Autels funéraires du nord des îles Salomon : tentatives d’interprétation
Nicolas Garnier, musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, Paris

11h20-11h50
Dévoreurs d’âme. Etiopathogénie et stratégies thérapeutiques traditionnelles en Sibérie extrême-orientale
Daria Cevoli, musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, Paris 12h00-13h30 déjeuner


PRATIQUES VOTIVES DANS LES MONDES AMERICAINS
Modération : Marika Moisseeff, CNRS, Paris

13h30-14h00
Miracle Halls of Brazil: Memories, Rituals and Hybridizations
José Cláudio Alves de Oliveira, Université Fédérale de Bahia, Brésil

14h00-14h30
Pour amour ou pour douleur : initiation, offrandes et guérison dans le candomblé afro-brésilien
Giovanna Capponi, musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, Paris

14h30-15h00
Pratiques votives en contexte vaudou haïtien
Erol Josué, Bureau National d'Ethnologie d'Haïti 15h00-15h20 pause-café

PERENNITE DES SYSTEMES VOTIFS

15h20-15h50
Divine Ophthalmology: From Demeter and Kore to Agia Paraskevi (Conférence vidéo enregistrée) Georgia Petridou, Liverpool University

15h50-16h20
Histoires d’eau: étiologie de rites guérisseurs antiques en contexte napolitain contemporain
Clarisse Prêtre, CNRS, UMR AnHiMA, Paris

16h20-16h50
Un diagnostic rétrospectif est-il possible sur les ex-voto anatomiques ?
Philippe Charlier, musée du quai Branly – Jacques Chirac, Paris

16h50-17h00 pause

17h00-17h30
Conclusions
Cléo Carastro, EHESS, UMR AnHiMA, Paris



lundi 6 janvier 2020

Léonard de Vinci anatomiste

Léonard de Vinci anatomiste
Martin CLAYTON et Ron PHILO

Actes Sud 
2019

Léonard fut un peintre – et un théoricien de la peinture –, un sculpteur, un architecte, un génial ingénieur et inventeur, un curieux d’optique, de botanique… Il fut aussi un grand anatomiste, le premier à représenter le corps humain sous ses aspects structurel et physiologique, depuis les mystères de la conception jusqu’à ceux de la mort, en passant par l’intéraction des organes, la décomposition des mouvements, les manifestations expressives des émotions et des sens. Et il n’ignora pas non plus les physiologies animales, notamment celle du cheval qu’il a profondément étudiée. Ce formidable observateur resta néanmoins un homme de son temps : peu enclin à admettre les particularités individuelles de la morphologie humaine, il chercha à définir un corps « idéal », produit à la fois des « œuvres merveilleuses de la nature » et de la perfection des proportions conçues par Dieu, le « premier compositeur ».
À sa mort en France en 1519, à l’âge de 67 ans, toute l’Europe occidentale le célébra, mais uniquement pour son œuvre artistique. Il fallut attendre les xixe et xxe siècles pour que les milliers de pages de ses carnets suscitent curiosité et reconnaissance, ainsi que les dizaines de planches anatomiques. Fruits d’une remarquable dextérité manuelle, ces dernières allient l’intelligence profonde de la structure du corps à un exceptionnel talent de dessinateur et à un style littéraire limpide : pour toutes ces raisons, elles comptent parmi les plus pénétrantes jamais réalisées.
Les 87 feuilles représentées dans cet ouvrage proviennent de la Royal Library (Windsor Castle) qui détient 215 des 228 planches aujourd’hui conservées. Minutieusement décrites et reproduites, elles sont ici confrontées aux connaissances anatomiques et physiologiques de notre temps.

Histoire de la pharmacie

Symposium and Special issues of Pharmacy in History, The Social History of Alcohol and Drugs, and Canadian Bulletin of Medical History

Call for Papers

The aim of this Call for Papers and ensuing special issues is to generate a discussion related to the underexplored social history of pharmacy and pharmaceuticals. This 2-day interdisciplinary symposium will stimulate/connect new scholarship as well as place a spotlight on emerging trends in the studies of pharmaceuticals, drugs, and alcohol more broadly.

Pharmacies are important social, political, and economic spaces. And many of the products sold within pharmacies (or apothecaries) exist at the intersection of legitimacy and illegitimacy, domestic and international markets, and medicine and recreation. Candy and cannabis, alcohol and cigarettes, in addition to multiple lifestyle products, are sold in pharmacies in the U.S. as well as abroad. Of course, these goods are in addition to other prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) drugs.

The timing for such a multiparty issue is appropriate, considering how various new large-scale academic projects are tackling pharmacy and pharmaceuticals. These include, but are not limited to: Beyond the Medicines/Drugs Dichotomy: Historical Perspectives on Good and Evil in Pharmacy (Strathclyde/Johannesburg, WT); Intoxicating Spaces (Sheffield, Utrecht, Oldenburg, Stockholm/HERA); Pharmacosexuality: The Past, Present, and Future of Sex on Drugs (Royal Holloway, WT); Psychoactivity for Sale: Global Advertising and the Pharmaceutical Industry (McMaster, USask, SSHRC); What’s at Stake in the Fake? Indian Pharmaceuticals, African Markets, and Global Health (Warwick, WT).

In an effort to open up the field of pharmacy history—as well as nuance the history of pharmaceuticals—this CFP and future special issues of Pharmacy in History, The Social History of Alcohol and Drugs, and Canadian Bulletin of Medical History hope to complicate existing narratives and think more critically about the role of pharmacy and pharmacists in the marketplace. To do this, an approach from below is required.

Possible Paper topics include (but are not limited to):
  • Women pharmacists
  • Pharmacy and color
  • Pharmaceuticals and masculinity
  • Education & training
  • Folklore & alternative practices
  • Disabled bodies & pharmacy
  • Drugs and the domestic sphere
  • Gender & the drugstore
  • Pharmacies and reproductive politics (e.g., birth control access)
  • Health insurance, marginalized populations, and reform 
  • Advertisements and promotion
  • Cultural and social history of pharmacy signs
  • Radicalism and pharmacy/pharmaceuticals


Where, When, & Funding

The University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy will host a 2-day symposium focused on social aspects in pharmacy and pharmaceutical history. This will be in partnership with the American Institute for the History of Pharmacy (AIHP), University of Saskatchewan, and the Centre for the Social History of Health and Healthcare (CSHHH) Glasgow at the University of Strathclyde. This symposium builds on UW-Madison’s and AIHP’s legacy of hosting events around the topic of pharmacy and pharmaceutical history.

Resources will be available to offset the cost of travel, accommodation, and conference meals. Postgraduates and early career researchers who may not have access to other sources of funding will be allocated the most funding. We are particularly interested in the perspectives of Post Graduates (PG) and Early Career Researchers (ERCs). Once the selection of papers has been completed, applications for these resources will be invited.

We invite submissions that deal with one or more of the above-mentioned topics or other possible topics that focus on the themes of these special issues. We particularly encourage submissions based on primary research and from an interdisciplinary or international/comparative perspective. Time period is open. Geographical boundaries are open. Papers in either French or English languages are also encouraged. Authors must submit a 500-word abstract (maximum) and a 1-page CV (as a single .pdf document) to Pharmacy in History Senior Editor and AIHP Assistant Director Greg Bond (gregory.bond@aihp.org) by 10 January 2020 for consideration.

By 1 March 2020 authors will be notified whether they should submit a full version of their paper to participate in the symposium. The due date for completed papers is 10 August 2020. The symposium will be held 24 and 25 September 2020 at the University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Pharmacy. Papers accepted for the symposium will be considered for publication in the ensuing special issues of Pharmacy in History, The Social History of Alcohol and Drugs, and Canadian Bulletin of Medical History.

For further information, please contact Dr. Bond at the email address above.

Contact Info: 
Gregory Bond, Senior/Managing Editor, Pharmacy in History
Contact Email: 
URL: