Rêver au XIXe siècle

Rêver au XIXe siècle

Appel à contributions

Revue Romantisme n°2017-4
sous la responsabilité de Jacqueline Carroy

Même si l’on peut identifier les prémisses de cette position au siècle précédent, c’est sans doute une nouveauté propre au XIX^e siècle que de vouloir démystifier tous les rêves. La distinction entre rêves ordinaires naturels et rêves extraordinaires, telle qu’avaient pu l’accréditer plusieurs traditions dans des registres variés (religieuses, onirocritiques, populaires, poétiques…) est remise en cause. Rêve et songe deviennent en français des substantifs synonymes tandis que les verbes songer et rêver se chargent de sens différents : rêver renverrait dès lors principalement aux visions et aux voix de la nuit ; songer et penser tendraient à se rapprocher. Ce nouveau partage terminologique est lié à un mouvement de sécularisation et de naturalisation qui identifie rêves et songes sous le signe d’une même activité, banale, du corps et de l’esprit, qualifiée d’involontaire, d’automatique, d’inconsciente ou de subconsciente au cours du siècle, tournée dans l’ensemble vers le passé plus que vers l’avenir, et en tous les cas sans caractère surnaturel ou extra-naturel.

Le sommeil et les rêves sont soumis à l’épreuve de l’observation, de l’expérience et de l’enquête par des philosophes, des médecins, des psychiatres, mais aussi par des amateurs savants ou cultivés, qui veulent édifier une science ; les diaristes les consignent, soucieux de scruter leur subjectivité. Bien avant Freud, écrire, collecter et parfois dessiner ses rêves et ceux des autres renvoient à une activité de savoir, parfois thérapeutique, parfois chargée d’enjeux autobiographiques ou esthétiques. La science des rêves émergente mène un combat contre les « superstitions » de toutes sortes qui assignent aux visions de la nuit un sens prémonitoire ou prophétique et en surestiment la valeur. Cependant certains savants, et non des moindres, peuvent chercher à ré-enchanter les songes, dans le cadre de ce que l’on appelle par exemple « les sciences psychiques », équivalent approximatif de ce que l’on nommera ensuite la parapsychologie.

Il peut être intéressant d’explorer les « pays des rêves » du XIX^e siècle, pour reprendre une expression de Charles Nodier : ceux des rêves ordinaires, comme ceux des rêves extraordinaires dont ils se démarquent, si possible dans des aires linguistiques et culturelles européennes différentes. Plus précisément, à partir de ce propos général, il s’agit, en menant des études de cas précises, de mettre au jour des frontières, mais aussi des intersections et des syncrétismes, ou encore de se demander en quoi la science des rêves a inspiré d’autres approches d’ordre littéraire et artistique, et réciproquement en quoi celles-ci ont affecté les approches savantes. Cela implique d’identifier des ruptures et parfois des circulations d’un pays des rêves à l’autre, des pratiques inédites, contrastées ou hybrides de mise en forme – narratives, poétiques ou plastiques -, d’expériences nocturnes.

Ce dossier de la revue Romantisme vise à proposer de mener une approche de l’histoire des rêves à la croisée de la psychologie, de la physiologie, de la psychiatrie, de la littérature, de l’art et de la religion. Le projet entend mobiliser des chercheurs qui s’intéressent aux différentes conceptions et pratiques d’un rêver qui affecte au XIX^e siècle, de façon différente mais parfois proche, ceux et celles qui passent leurs visions nocturnes au crible des traités savants de toutes sortes, des livres des romanciers et des poètes, des gravures et des tableaux, mais aussi de la Bible et des Clefs des songes.

Les propositions de contribution sont attendues pour le 15 septembre 2016, sous la forme d’un résumé de 300 mots environ assorti d’une courte bibliographie. Elles doivent être adressées à Jacqueline Carroy, coordinatrice du dossier (jacqueline.carroy@wanadoo.fr).

Le sommaire définitif sera établi en octobre 2016.

Les articles (de 30 000 signes espaces compris maximum) devront être remis le 31 mars 2017 au plus tard, mis aux normes typographiques de la revue et assortis d’un résumé de 800 signes.

L'avortement au Canada

Without Apology: Writings on Abortion in Canada

Edited by Shannon Stettner

Athabasca University Press

August 2016

ISBN 9781771991599

Until the late 1960s, the authorities on abortion were for the most part men—politicians, clergy, lawyers, physicians, all of whom had an interest in regulating women’s bodies. Even today, when we hear women speak publicly about abortion, the voices are usually those of the leaders of women’s and abortion rights organizations, women who hold political office, and, on occasion, female physicians. We also hear quite frequently from spokeswomen for anti-abortion groups. Rarely, however, do we hear the voices of ordinary women—women whose lives have been in some way touched by abortion. Their thoughts typically owe more to human circumstance than to ideology, and without them, we run the risk of thinking and talking about the issue of abortion only in the abstract.

Without Apology seeks to address this issue by gathering the voices of activists, feminists, and scholars as well as abortion providers and clinic support staff alongside the stories of women whose experience with abortion is more personal. With the particular aim of moving beyond the polarizing rhetoric that has characterized the issue of abortion and reproductive justice for so long, Without Apology is an engrossing and arresting account that will promote both reflection and discussion.

Le contrôle de la sexualité et de la reproduction

Controlling Sexuality and Reproduction, Past and Present

Call for Papers – Edited Collection

We invite submissions for inclusion in an edited collection to be published as a book through the University of Toronto Press. All papers will be vetted for suitability by the editor and will undergo a peer review process.

We seek papers that explore, challenge, and illuminate:

• the seeming naturalness of historical and current efforts to control and marginalize certain kinds of sex and reproduction, and the commonalities and differences amongst these various efforts to police sexual, reproductive and family lives
• how particular sets of behaviours or peoples are targets of control, and thus what kinds of ‘normal’ values are being upheld
• the production of ableism, heteronormativity, Whiteness, gender, and ideal citizenship

Papers should address, in some way, the question of how states, institutions and citizen groups have been – and continue to be – deeply concerned with producing an ideal, normative citizenry by controlling sex, sexuality and reproduction. They should consider why or how certain kinds of sexuality and certain kinds of sexual actors are more likely than others to be policed and contained. Thus, we welcome papers that examine how, in the past and in the current context, marginalized people and practices have been subject to containment, harassment, prosecution or ‘correction’ in terms of their sexual and reproductive lives.

We welcome analyses of how these efforts have targeted people who are labelled as disabled; sexually or gender deviant; Indigenous or members of a racialized group; members of non-normative family forms; inmates in prisons, asylums and other institutional sites; dependent on the welfare state; engaging in non-heteronormative sexual practices or; involved in sex work and/or sex surrogacy

Thus, we welcome historical and current-context analyses of efforts at containment such as:

• the role of settler states, then and now, in containing and erasing indigenous and other racialized groups’ marital forms, family ties, and reproductive capacities 
• policing and prosecuting polygynous and polygamous family forms, historically and currently;
• the heteronormative surveillance, policing and regulation of queer and trans* people’s sexuality and reproductive capacity
• the regulation and prosecution of sex work and sex workers, and in particular how this regulation and prosecution connects to racialization and indigeneity
• the protectionism, infantilization or demonization of disabled or mad people; limiting support and access to disabled people’s sexual and familial lives;
• chemical and medical interventions in prisons, institutions, hospitals, and asylums; segregation through residential schools and other institutions; segregation and containment embedded in community practice, and in immigration policy;
• formal and informal practices of reproductive injustice, violence, abuse, and/or exclusion.
• the effects of law, bioethics, medicine, policy, psychistry,social services or media representation on queer, trans*, disabled, mad or racialized people’s reproductive and sexual rights.

Submissions should be in APA Style, between 5,000 and 6,000 words in total, and made by October 31, 2016 to Dr. Claudia Malacrida and Dr. Danielle Peers c/o tiffany.boulton@uleth.ca for review.

Please include: author name(s), author affiliation, a 300-word abstract, and up to 8 keywords with your submission. Submissions must not be previously-published or submitted for publication elsewhere in order to be considered for inclusion in this volume.

Claudia Malacrida

Associate Vice President (Research)

Professor of Sociology

University of Lethbridge

B-632, University Hall

4401 University Drive

Lethbridge, Alberta

Canada T1K 3M4

Tel: (403) 329-2738

Fax: (403) 382-7185

email: claudia.malacrida@uleth.ca

L'autopathographie française

French Autopathography

L'esprit créateur 56:2 (2016) Summer

Editor(s): Steven Wilson


Introduction: Embodiment, Identity, and the Patient’s Story
Steven Wilson

De la création à la mutilation : Les récits d’Adèle Lauzier, femme, artiste et folle au XIXe siècle
Aude Fauvel

“Je-sans-moi”: Patients, Pain, and Painlessness in Malraux’s Lazare
Anna Magdalena Elsner

“Je ne sais plus du tout qui je suis”: The Phenomenology of Cancer in Anne Cuneo’s Une cuillerée de bleu
Steven Wilson, Sylvia Hübel

Fragments d’un corps : L’écriture du SIDA dans les ouvrages d’Hervé Guibert
Christelle Klein-Scholz

Humoral Immunity in Recent HIV/AIDS Narratives
Enda McCaffrey

“De simple malade j’étais devenu un handicapé”: Interrogating the Construction of ‘Disability’ in Jean-Dominique Bauby’s Le scaphandre et le papillon
Hannah Thompson

Le scaphandre et le papillon: Autopathography, the Locked-In Self, and Schnabel’s Cinema of Embodiment
Claire Boyle

Voicing Abjection: Narratives of Anorexia in Contemporary French Women’s (Life-)Writing
Kathryn Robson

Dependence and Masculinity in Contemporary French Writing about Disability
Áine Larkin

Poste sur l'histoire du Sida à la NLM

Part-time Historian at the National Library of Medicine

Call for applications

The History of Medicine Division of the National Library of Medicine is seeking a part-time professional historian to help develop a web archive collection of materials related to Auto-immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS). NLM holds a large collection of AIDS materials consisting of manuscript, audio-visual, photographic, and printed materials. To further enrich the NLM’s publicly-available, AIDS-related resources and information, NLM seeks to identify and select for long term preservation web content that documents the history of AIDS.

The historian will research and identify web (online) content related to AIDS including public health campaigns and other public health information; patient narratives; care giver narratives; World AIDS Day content; social media; news stories; and web sites and social media of organizations such as the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the World Health Organization, Doctors without Borders, the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Disease; state and national health agencies, and NLM’s Division of Specialized Information Systems. The final products produced by the historian will include a report containing URLs for all identified sites to be archived by NLM, documentation of the selection criteria and the decision making process used, a broad description of the collection, and recommendations for future web collecting about AIDS. The contractor may write at least one blog post for Circulating Now, the History of Medicine Division blog, about the collection.

Thank you for sharing this opportunity with colleagues who may be interested to submit a proposal.

Proposals are due by August 29th. Additional information, including instructions for submitting a proposal are available on Federal Business Opportunities (FedBizOpps) athttps://www.fbo.gov/spg/HHS/NIH/OAM/NIHLM2016875MM/listing.html

La polio et les promesses de la globuline gamma

Selling Science: Polio and the Promise of Gamma Globulin

Stephen E Mawdsley

Hardcover: 272 pages

Publisher: Rutgers University Press (Aug. 31 2016)

Language: English

ISBN-13: 978-0813574394

Today, when many parents seem reluctant to have their children vaccinated, even with long proven medications, the Salk vaccine trial, which enrolled millions of healthy children to test an unproven medical intervention, seems nothing short of astonishing. In Selling Science, medical historian Stephen E. Mawdsley recounts the untold story of the first large clinical trial to control polio using healthy children—55,000 healthy children—revealing how this long-forgotten incident cleared the path for Salk’s later trial.

Mawdsley describes how, in the early 1950s, Dr. William Hammon and the National Foundation for Infantile Paralysis launched a pioneering medical experiment on a previously untried scale. Conducted on over 55,000 healthy children in Texas, Utah, Iowa, and Nebraska, this landmark study assessed the safety and effectiveness of a blood component, gamma globulin, to prevent paralytic polio. The value of the proposed experiment was questioned by many prominent health professionals as it harbored potential health risks, but as Mawdsley points out, compromise and coercion moved it forward. And though the trial returned dubious results, it was presented to the public as a triumph and used to justify a federally sanctioned mass immunization study on thousands of families between 1953 and 1954. Indeed, the concept, conduct, and outcome of the GG study were sold to health professionals, medical researchers, and the public at each stage. At a time when most Americans trusted scientists, their mutual encounter under the auspices of conquering disease was shaped by politics, marketing, and at times, deception.

Drawing on oral history interviews, medical journals, newspapers, meeting minutes, and private institutional records, Selling Science sheds light on the ethics of scientific conduct, and on the power of marketing to shape public opinion about medical experimentation.

La lèpre et le pouvoir

Leprosy and Power

Call for papers

Leeds IMC 2017

As next year's IMC theme of 'Otherness' lends itself perfectly to the topic of medieval leprosy, I would like to propose a session on the subject of Leprosy and Power, following on from this year's successful sessions about Leprosy and Identity. In this session, I would like to explore the various ways in which lepers interacted with medieval authorities - how authorities may have attempted to control the behaviour of lepers in their community, how lepers related to those in power, and how they fitted into a social hierarchy.

Possible topics could include:

· Leprosy and the elite

· Municipal authority and common law

· Canon law and the church

· The power of leprosy in society

· Lepers and social status – before / after diagnosis

Proposals should include a title, abstract (approximately 100 words), and institutional affiliation.

Please submit paper proposals by email to Katie Phillips, University of Reading - k.phillips@pgr.reading.ac.uk - by Friday 9th September.

L'autonomie du plaisir

The Autonomy of Pleasure: Libertines, License, and Sexual Revolution

James A. Steintrager

Series: Columbia Themes in Philosophy, Social Criticism, and the Arts

Hardcover: 408 pages

Publisher: Columbia University Press (February 16, 2016)

Language: English

ISBN-13: 978-0231151580

What would happen if pleasure were made the organizing principle for social relations and sexual pleasure ruled over all? Radical French libertines experimented clandestinely with this idea during the Enlightenment. In explicit novels, dialogues, poems, and engravings, they wrenched pleasure free from religion and morality, from politics, aesthetics, anatomy, and finally reason itself, and imagined how such a world would be desirable, legitimate, rapturous―and potentially horrific.

Laying out the logic and willful illogic of radical libertinage, this book ties the Enlightenment engagement with sexual license to the expansion of print, empiricism, the revival of skepticism, the fashionable arts and lifestyles of the Ancien Régime, and the rise and decline of absolutism. It examines the consequences of imagining sexual pleasure as sovereign power and a law unto itself across a range of topics, including sodomy, the science of sexual difference, political philosophy, aesthetics, and race. It also analyzes the roots of radical claims for pleasure in earlier licentious satire and their echoes in appeals for sexual liberation in the 1960s and beyond.